: We perceive stable objects (like a table or a person) because the series of moments ( santāna ) occurs too fast for ordinary perception to detect the breaks, similar to how a movie film creates the illusion of smooth motion.
: Buddhist logicians argued that only momentary things are real because real existence requires the ability to produce an effect. A permanent, unchanging entity would be causally inert and therefore non-existent. Historical Development The Buddhist doctrine of momentariness: A surve...
: Asserted that only the present moment is real; past and future are mere mental constructs. : We perceive stable objects (like a table
: Later incorporated momentariness through commentaries like Buddhaghosa’s Visuddhimagga , particularly to explain how karma continues across the threshold of death. Philosophical and Ethical Implications Historical Development : Asserted that only the present
The theory faced heavy critique from Hindu and Jaina philosophers: Momentariness, Buddhist doctrine of