: A multi-layer coating consisting of 15µm copper (M), 15µm nickel (N), and a final layer of bright chrome (X.b).

: Applied in thicker layers directly to the base metal to improve wear resistance and hardness. Often used for hydraulic cylinders, shafts, and press molds.

: Guidelines for choosing the type of coating based on the operating environment (light, medium, severe, or very severe conditions).