Establishing the standards for evaluating the results, such as identifying patterns or commonalities. Methodological Framework
Researchers are encouraged to use triangulation by drawing from six sources of evidence: documentation, archival records, interviews, direct observations, participant-observation, and physical artifacts. Case study research : design and methods
Robert K. Yin's Case Study Research: Design and Methods is widely regarded as a foundational text for conducting rigorous qualitative research. First published in 1984 and currently in its sixth edition (as Case Study Research and Applications ), the book provides a systematic framework for the entire research process, from initial design to final reporting. Establishing the standards for evaluating the results, such
Yin distinguishes between single-case designs (used for unique or extreme cases) and multiple-case designs , which follow a "replication logic" to strengthen generalizability. Yin's Case Study Research: Design and Methods is
Yin identifies five critical components that must be determined at the outset to ensure research quality: