This is the heart of existentialism. For a manufactured object like a letter opener, the "essence" (its purpose) comes before its "existence" (the physical object). But for humans, we just exist first. There is no pre-written script or divine plan for who we are; we must create our own essence through every choice we make. 3. Radical Freedom and Anguish
Existentialism 101: Understanding Sartre’s "Being and Nothingness"
Sartre distinguishes between two ways of existing in the world:
This is the heart of existentialism. For a manufactured object like a letter opener, the "essence" (its purpose) comes before its "existence" (the physical object). But for humans, we just exist first. There is no pre-written script or divine plan for who we are; we must create our own essence through every choice we make. 3. Radical Freedom and Anguish
Existentialism 101: Understanding Sartre’s "Being and Nothingness"
Sartre distinguishes between two ways of existing in the world:
Ligeti and mathematics
The renowned mathematician Heinz-Otto Peitgen talks about his friendship with György Ligeti, the composer's interest in mathematics and the discoveries of chaos theory.
First page of the autograph fair score of L’escalier du diable (Paul Sacher Foundation, Basel).
Copy of the autograph fair score of L'escalier du diable, with annotations by the composer, page 1 (detail), Paul Sacher Foundation, Basel. The inscription in the right-hand margin reads 'revised MS, this is authoritative'.
Copy of the autograph fair score of L'escalier du diable, with annotations by the composer, page 1 (detail), Paul Sacher Foundation, Basel. The inscription in the right-hand margin reads 'revised MS, this is authoritative'. Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenolog...
Bar 7-2: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 7/2, left hand, 9th – 11th quaver (eighth note)
Bar 36-3: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 36/3, right hand, 9th – 12th quaver (eighth note) This is the heart of existentialism
Bar 41: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 41/1, left hand, 8th – 12th quaver (eighth note)
Copy of the autograph fair score of L’escalier du diable, with annotations by the composer, page 6 (detail), Paul Sacher Foundation, Basel. Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenolog...
Bar 45-3: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 45/3, right hand, 11th – 12th quaver (eighth note)
Bar 46-1a: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 46/1, right hand, 3th – 4th quaver (eighth note)
Bar 46-1b: György Ligeti: Étude 13, bar 46/1, right hand, 5th – 7th quaver (eighth note)
