: Higher-order cognitive ruminations and thoughts about emotions, unique to more complex brains like humans. Reception and Impact Affective Neuroscience Theory and Personality: An Update
: Panksepp outlines a structure of emotional processing: Affective Neuroscience, the Foundations of Huma...
: The book argues that these emotions are generated in deep, ancient regions of the brain, such as the periaqueductal gray, rather than the higher-thinking cortex. ancient regions of the brain
: Raw, instinctual emotional feelings common to all mammals. Secondary-process : Emotional learning through conditioning. such as the periaqueductal gray
: Panksepp identifies seven "primary-process" emotional systems shared across mammalian species: SEEKING , LUST , CARE , and PLAY (positive) alongside FEAR , RAGE/ANGER , and PANIC/SADNESS (negative).